Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 146.3 square miles (378.9 km 2), making it the largest American city by land area in the lower Rio Grande Valley and the third largest American city by land area along the U.S.-Mexico border, after San Diego, California and El Paso, Texas. Geographyīrownsville is located on the U.S.–Mexico border (marked here by the Rio Grande) opposite Matamoros, Tamaulipas. Grant sent Union General Frederick Steele to Brownsville to patrol the Mexican–American border after Civil War to aid the Juaristas with military supplies. On May 15, 1865, a month after the surrender had been signed at Appomattox Court House, the Battle of Palmito Ranch (generally accepted as the war's last battle) was fought and won by the Confederates. In 1864, Confederate forces commanded by John Salmon 'Rip' Ford reoccupied the town. In the ensuing battle of Brownsville, Confederate forces abandoned the fort, blowing it up with 8,000 pounds (3,600 kg) of explosives. In November 1863, Union troops landed at Port Isabel and marched for Brownsville to stop the smuggling. Initially the Confederates controlled Fort Brown. Several state parks and historical sites are protected by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.īrownsville is notable for its high Hispanic proportion, which at 93.9%, is the third-highest proportion of Hispanic Americans out of any city in the United States outside of Puerto Rico.ĭuring the American Civil War, Brownsville served as a smuggling point for Confederate goods into Mexico, most importantly cotton smuggled to European ships waiting at the Mexican port of Bagdad. Brownsville's idiosyncratic geographic location has made it a wildlife refuge center. The city was also involved in the Texas Revolution, as well as the Mexican–American War. ![]() It was the scene of several key events of the American Civil War, such as the Battle of Brownsville and the Battle of Palmito Ranch. It is frequently cited as having one of the highest poverty rates in the United States.ĭue to significant historical events, the city has multiple houses and battle sites listed under the National Register of Historic Places. The city experienced a population increase in the early 1900s, when steel production flourished. It operates international trading through the Port of Brownsville. Other primary employers fall within the service, trade, and manufacturing industries, including a growing aerospace and space transportation sector. As a county seat, the city and county governments are major employers. Army soldier during the Mexican–American War (1846–1848). It was named for Fort Brown, itself named after Major Jacob Brown, who fought and died while serving as a U.S. The city was founded in 1848 by American entrepreneur Charles Stillman after he developed a successful river-boat company nearby. The city is known for its year-round subtropical climate, deep-water seaport, and Hispanic culture. ![]() ![]() It is part of the Matamoros–Brownsville metropolitan area. It is the 139th-largest city in the United States and 18th-largest in Texas. It is on the western Gulf Coast in South Texas, adjacent to the border with Matamoros, Mexico. Urban population/density as of the 2010 Census.īrownsville is a city in Cameron County in the U.S. ^ Area, city density, metro population/density and CSA population/density as of the 2017 estimate. Brownsville/South Padre Island International Airport KBRO (BRO)
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